兩台設備+兩條線路達成自動備援切換機制，該如何做到
做法是使用HSRP+EIGRP，使用GNS3 模擬，設定皆在CE RT上，架構圖如下:
192.168.100.0/24 Data 網段，平常路由走在ISP1 RT，斷線或者設備故障切換ISP2 RT
172.16.100.0/24 VoIP 網段 ，平常路由走在ISP2 RT，斷線或者設備故障切換ISP1 RT
R1 & R3 建立GRE，R2 & R4建立GRE
R1 & R2 建立HSRP，R3 & R4建立HSRP，透過HSRP & Track & EIGRP機制自動切換路由
R1 設定 (ISP1)
...部分設定省略... track 1 ip route 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 reachability #透過EIGRP track 192.168.100.0/24 interface Tunnel0 description Data ip address 10.192.100.2 255.255.255.252 tunnel source 192.168.101.253 tunnel destination 192.168.100.253 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 description WAN ip address 192.168.200.5 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 description LAN ip address 172.16.101.253 255.255.255.0 secondary ip address 192.168.101.253 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto standby 1 ip 192.168.101.254 standby 1 preempt standby 1 track 1 decrement 50 #當Track down就降低HSRP Priority，切換走另外一條線路 standby 2 ip 172.16.101.254 standby 2 priority 90 standby 2 preempt router eigrp 100 redistribute static #把靜態路由導入EIGRP network 10.192.100.0 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.101.0 0.0.0.255 network 192.168.101.0 no auto-summary ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.101.1 ip route 172.16.100.253 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.6 ip route 192.168.100.253 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.6
R2 設定 (ISP2)
...部分設定省略... track 1 ip route 172.16.100.0 255.255.255.0 reachability #透過EIGRP Track 172.16.100.0 interface Tunnel0 description VoIP ip address 10.192.101.2 255.255.255.252 tunnel source 192.168.101.252 tunnel destination 192.168.100.252 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 description WAN ip address 172.16.200.5 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 description LAN ip address 172.16.101.252 255.255.255.0 secondary ip address 192.168.101.252 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto standby 1 ip 192.168.101.254 standby 1 priority 90 standby 1 preempt standby 2 ip 172.16.101.254 standby 2 preempt standby 2 track 1 decrement 50 #當Track down就降低HSRP Priority，切換走另外一條線路 router eigrp 101 redistribute static #把靜態路由導入EIGRP network 10.192.101.0 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.101.0 0.0.0.255 network 192.168.101.0 no auto-summary ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.101.1 ip route 172.16.100.252 255.255.255.255 172.16.200.6 ip route 192.168.100.252 255.255.255.255 172.16.200.6
R3 設定 (ISP1)
...部分設定省略... track 1 ip route 192.168.101.0 255.255.255.0 reachability #透過EIGRP Track 192.168.101.0 interface Tunnel0 description Data ip address 10.192.100.1 255.255.255.252 tunnel source 192.168.100.253 tunnel destination 192.168.101.253 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 description WAN ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 description LAN ip address 172.16.100.253 255.255.255.0 secondary ip address 192.168.100.253 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto standby 1 ip 192.168.100.254 standby 1 preempt standby 1 track 1 decrement 50 #當Track down就降低HSRP Priority，切換走另外一條線路 standby 2 ip 172.16.100.254 standby 2 priority 90 standby 2 preempt router eigrp 100 network 10.192.100.0 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.100.0 0.0.0.255 network 192.168.100.0 no auto-summary ip route 172.16.101.253 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.2 ip route 192.168.101.253 255.255.255.255 192.168.200.2
R4 設定(ISP2)
...部分設定省略... track 1 ip route 172.16.101.0 255.255.255.0 reachability #透過EIGRP Track 172.16.101.0 interface Tunnel0 description VoIP ip address 10.192.101.1 255.255.255.252 tunnel source 192.168.100.252 tunnel destination 192.168.101.252 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 description WAN ip address 172.16.200.1 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet0/1 description LAN ip address 172.16.100.252 255.255.255.0 secondary ip address 192.168.100.252 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto standby 1 ip 192.168.100.254 standby 1 priority 90 standby 1 preempt standby 2 ip 172.16.100.254 standby 2 preempt standby 2 track 1 decrement 50 #當Track down就降低HSRP Priority，切換走另外一條線路 router eigrp 101 network 10.192.101.0 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.100.0 0.0.0.255 network 192.168.100.0 no auto-summary ip route 172.16.101.252 255.255.255.255 172.16.200.2 ip route 192.168.101.252 255.255.255.255 172.16.200.2
R1 HSRP Status
#show standby brief
Interface Grp Prio P State Active Standby Virtual IP Fa0/1 1 100 P Active local 192.168.101.252 192.168.101.254 Fa0/1 2 90 P Standby 192.168.101.252 local 172.16.101.254
R1 Track Status
#show track brief
Track Object Parameter Value 1 ip route 192.168.100.0/24 reachability Up (EIGRP)
R1 eigrp neighbors
#sh ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 10.192.100.1 Tu0 11 00:02:23 35 5000 0 3
斷線模擬
a.設備故障
b.線路故障
a.設備故障:測試方式，從PC3 ping PC1 ，R3關機後，查看ICMP狀態變動
R4會觸發HSRP切換從Standby成為Active
而R1 track down後會觸發decrement 讓HSRP切換從Active成為Standby
R2會觸發HSRP切換從Standby成為Active
ICMP狀態變更 從ISP1改走ISP2
b.線路故障:測試方式，從PC2 ping PC4，R6 f0/1 shutdown後，查看ICMP狀態變動
R4 track down後會觸發decrement 讓HSRP切換從Active成為Standby
R3 會觸發HSRP切換從Standby成為Active
R2 track down後會觸發decrement 讓HSRP切換從Active成為Standby
R1 會觸發HSRP切換從Standby成為Active
ICMP狀態變更 從ISP2改走ISP1
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